Environmental Laws
Comprehensive guide to environmental laws focusing on pollution control, conservation, sustainable development, and climate action at global and national levels.
4. Environmental Laws in India
Environmental laws in India focus on pollution control, conservation, sustainable development, and climate action.
Key Environmental Laws & Regulations
Environment Protection Act, 1986
Regulates pollution, hazardous substances, and environmental conservation.
Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981
Regulates air pollution and emission standards.
Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974
Regulates wastewater disposal and pollution control.
Forest Conservation Act, 1980
Prevents deforestation and regulates forest land use.
Wildlife Protection Act, 1972
Protects endangered species and wildlife habitats.
Biological Diversity Act, 2002
Prevents biopiracy and promotes biodiversity conservation.
Hazardous Waste Management Rules, 2016
Regulates handling and disposal of hazardous waste.
E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2016
Mandates recycling and safe disposal of electronic waste.
Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ) Rules
Protects coastal environments and marine biodiversity.
National Green Tribunal (NGT) Act, 2010
Special tribunal for environmental disputes.
5. Environmental Protection & Sustainable Development
A. Pollution Control Measures
Industries Must Follow Emission Standards
Set by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB).
Penalty for Water & Air Pollution
Heavy fines & shutdown of industries violating laws.
Mandatory Environmental Clearance (EC)
For large infrastructure projects.
B. Renewable Energy & Climate Change Laws
Government Promotes Solar & Wind Energy
Renewable Energy Act being formulated.
India's Commitment to Net Zero Carbon Emissions
Target set for 2070.
C. Waste Management & Recycling
Plastic Waste Management Rules, 2016
Ban on single-use plastics.
Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR)
Companies must follow EPR for waste disposal.
D. Forest Conservation & Wildlife Protection
Forest Clearance Required for Industrial Projects
To prevent deforestation.
Protected Areas (National Parks & Wildlife Sanctuaries)
Strictly regulated for conservation.